“Did You Feel It?” community intensity map indicating the severity of shaking felt by people in central California during the South Napa Earthquake in 2014. Older structures tended to experience more damage than more recently built structures Earthquake retrofitting of older structures can help to minimize damage in future earthquakes. Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology Abstract The earthquake was unusual for the length of surface rupture (8 miles), the amount of surface slip (up to 18 inches), and the large afterslip that followed the earthquake (up to 14 inches). (Public domain.). Recent advances in technology let to more rapid assessment of the nature and effects of this quake, showcasing significant advances since the previous big quake in the San Francisco Bay area in 1989 – the magnitude 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake. The first ShakeCast was issued 11 minutes after the earthquake. [21] Estimates of the damage to the wine industry were downgraded to between $80 and $100 million in a September 5, 2014 report from Silicon Valley Bank to the Napa County Board of Supervisors. USGS PAGER Assessment for the 2014 South Napa Earthquake with initial estimates of fatalities and economic loss. An Instrumental Intensity “ShakeMap,” depicts the ground shaking produced by the 2014 South Napa earthquake. The magnitude 6.0 earthquake occurred early in the morning on August 24, 2014, on the West Napa Fault. The Mw 6.0 South Napa earthquake of August 24, 2014, produced complex and extensive surface faulting and other ground deformation features. Public domain. A smaller magnitude 5.0 earthquake on the same fault had damaged the city of Napa in 2000. For further details, see Groundwater Effects from Earthquakes. Over 41,000 people went online to report what they felt during the event. The prototype earthquake early warning “ShakeAlert” system provided about 5 seconds of warning to test users 23 miles away in Berkeley and a 9-second warning to San Francisco, 31 miles away. Residential structures and wineries surrounding this area were significantly damaged. This kind of hydrogeologic response to earthquakes is well known to scientists. On August 24, 2014, a magnitude-6.0 earthquake occurred in Napa, California. However, knowledge gained provides new insights into the influence of the sedimentary basin under the Napa area, which can be used in future hazard maps to more accurately forecast earthquake hazards in the area. In the month after the mainshock, there were 80 aftershocks of magnitude greater than or equal to 1.8. Water utility engineers, fire fighting professionals, and emergency response planners will benefit from reading this book. Afterslip forecast hazard map of the Browns Valley neighborhood and surrounding area in Napa, Calif. The South Napa earthquake was very well recorded and produced a number of strong ground motion recordings that are of considerable interest to the engineering community. In the wee hours of Sunday morning at 3:20am, the residents and wineries of Napa Valley were shaken by a magnitude 6.0 earthquake, the largest in the San Francisco Bay Area in over 25 years, and the first since the M7.9 1906 earthquake to rupture on the surface. A comprehensive overview of seismic ambient noise, covering observations, physical origins, modelling, processing methods and applications in imaging and monitoring. and 31. st. respectively. It may extend further north or south and may connect with other fault zones. It was mostly a sonic experience, as our suspended wine glasses in the kitchen clinked together.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_South_Napa_earthquake For example, the surprising amount of afterslip observed gave scientists a new way to look at and forecast continuing hazards in the weeks to months, after the earthquake occurred. Initially, the fault afterslip was rapid and extended into at least the southern part of the Browns Valley neighborhood in the city of Napa. [10] Governor Jerry Brown declared a state of emergency due to the severe damage and the possibility of aftershocks. Some residents noticed a difference in the amount of water being discharged from natural springs. Although the structure of the Uptown Theater was determined to be sound, the building was red-tagged due to damage to the theater's ceiling. City Staff reported that 156 commercial and residential structures had been red-tagged and 1398 had been yellow-tagged. California Governor Jerry Brown called it the "South Napa Earthquake" in his official emergency declaration, widely reported in the press. At 6.0 on the moment magnitude scale and with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII ( Severe ), the event was the largest in the San Francisco Bay Area since the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The epicenter of the earthquake was located to the south of Napa and to the northwest of American Canyon on the West Napa Fault. Found inside – Page 7-35Read the case study: “2014 South Napa Earthquake” from the reference listed below and debate which information spread model might be most suitable in this ... The number of aftershocks was less than usual for an earthquake of this size, 80 during the first month following the mainshock, compared to 320 following the M6.0 in Parkfield in 2006. We can use this increased knowledge to make our communities safer and more resilient in future quakes. ), Locations of the traces of tectonic surface faulting produced by the South Napa earthquake overlain on an aerial photograph. An additional 14+ cm (5.5+ in) of slip was measured during the first 24 hours, and up to 20 cm (8 in) after 48 hours, mainly on southern half of the main fault strand. Seismicity in the Napa area 1973-2015, all magnitudes. The crosses and letters indicated cross-sections not shown in this image. A water main on Mare Island broke. Earthquake warning systems could potentially give people time to take cover in the event of a quake, preventing injuries caused by falling debris, automatically stopping trains or shutting off gas lines. maps compiled from these personal accounts, reflected peak shaking intensities up to a “severe” level, just a little bit less than the “violent” shaking calculated in the instrument-generated ShakeMaps. One year ago, the largest earthquake in over 25 years hit the San Francisco Bay Area, causing significant damage in California’s famous Napa Valley. This earthquake was unusual for its size, because it had a relatively long surface rupture of 12.5 km (8 mi) with a significant amount of surface slip (up to 46 cm; or 18 in). [17] In Vallejo, several hundred storefront windows shattered and many building walls suffered extensive damage. [9] The earthquake lasted 10 to 20 seconds, depending on location. The change occurred within 1 hour after earthquake, but the discharge amount returned to normal within a few days. The California Integrated Seismic Network detected the South Napa earthquake immediately, and the first ShakeMap, issued four minutes after the earthquake, depicted the violent shaking in the immediate area. The Earthquake Event Page application supports most recent browsers, view supported browsers. In addition, a M3.0 earthquake occurred on August 5, 2014, 19 days before the M6.0, which, in retrospect, some scientists/seismologists might consider a foreshock. But this was no small earthquake, and as the small representative sample of Jawbone© data shows, many residents had trouble going back to sleep after this one. Assuming a continuous fault zone, the West Napa – Franklin Fault zone could be capable of generating a much larger magnitude earthquake than the M 6.0 that occurred on August 24, 2014. Hydrograph showing stream flow in cubic feet per second on USGS streamgage on Sonoma Creek near Agua Caliente, from about August 23 - September 13, 2014. In the early 1960s, the emergence of the theory of plate tectonics started a revolution in the earth sciences. [31] The United States Postal Service determined that repairing the building would be too costly and sold it to a developer for $2 million. 2014-08-24 10:20:44 (UTC) 38.215°N 122.312°W. [44], "M6.0 – 6km NW of American Canyon, California", "Napa quake damage rises to $362 million", Napa, Calif., earthquake: Economic hit could reach $1 billion, "Napa's people, buildings hit hard by 6.0 earthquake", "Boats, grapes and Poseidon at Napa quake's epicenter", "The Mw 6.0 24 August 2014 South Napa Earthquake", "Northern California earthquake is area's strongest in 25 years", "After earthquake near Napa, up to 100 homes labeled unfit to enter", "Strong Earthquake Shakes Northern California", "Napa quake: Obama declares major disaster, freeing up aid", "Earthquake damage repaired, Napa's Native Sons building shines again", Northern California earthquake: Blue-collar Vallejo hit hard, "Earthquake cracks, buckles roads, but leaves bridges OK", "Wine industry tallies spilled wine, shattered barrels", "Napa quakes causes $80 million blow to wine industry, report says", "Napa tallies earthquake damage across city", "Napa earthquake death: 2 weeks later, quake claims first victim -", "First earthquake-related death reported", "Crumbled by Napa earthquake, Uptown Theatre mural rises again", "First Presbyterian church returns to quake-damaged sanctuary after almost two years", "After earthquake repairs, Napa Methodist church to reopen Sunday", "Napa awards repair contract for quake-damaged Goodman Library", "Napa's old post office sold for $2 million for a hotel", "Repair of earthquake damage to Napa courthouse to start soon", "Trefethen rebounds after the earthquake", "Napa quake jumpstarts stream flows, though probably only temporarily", "Surprise bonanza since Napa quake: dry creeks now flowing", "After big quake, Napa fault could move 6 inches in 3 years", "Napa's surprise fault line triggers earthquake study of the region", "Experimental warning system gave 10-second alert before California earthquake", "In Latest Calif. Earthquake, Shake Alert Tests Its Legs", "Expanding Earthquake Warning System May Help the Public", "California receives U.S. funding for earthquake early-warning system- LA Times", 24 August 2014 earthquake centered in Napa, California, USA, SCEC's Response to the South Napa Earthquake, The August 24, 2014 South Napa Earthquake: What Is Known So Far, Accessing Open Information And Preliminary Ground Motion Simulations, California earthquake strikes San Francisco Bay area, Quake rocks California wine country, dozens injured, Mapping of the West Napa Fault Zone for input into the Northern California Quaternary fault database, Study: 2014 Napa quake may be linked to groundwater changes, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_South_Napa_earthquake&oldid=1041367898, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 30 August 2021, at 04:30. Following the event, geologists made more than 1,200 field observations at locations where tectonic faulting and ground failure produced visible deformation that fractured and disturbed the ground surface. The magnitude 6.0 earthquake occurred early in the morning on August 24, 2014, on the West Napa Fault. The South Napa Earthquake caused extensive damage through both ground shaking and surface cracking (rupture). A new U.S. Geological Survey-led study suggests that earthquake-related deformation just below the Earth's surface can be quite different from how it is expressed at the surface. Afterslip is a slow movement on the fault, and it is yet unclear whether it is associated with, or independent of, the aftershocks. (Public domain. Pre-Earthquake Processes: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Prediction Studies presents the latest research on earthquake forecasting and prediction based on observations and physical modeling in China, Greece, Italy, France, Japan ... There was one fatality due to the earthquake, and at least $500 million in economic losses. (Credit: Tim Dawson, California Geological Survey. Aftershocks during the first week after the mainshock. Damage data were obtained for 1,470 buildings, and permitting and repair time data were obtained for a subset (456) of those buildings. No other surface features were found, such as evidence of liquefaction or landslides. The team comprised a diverse mix of perspectives and backgrounds, including map with 41,356 responses as of this writing. Found inside – Page 60We also show the epicenter of the 2014 South Napa earthquake. This is the first moderate sized earthquake in the region since 1906. The book shows how seismic waves are used to study earthquakes and are integrated with other data to investigate the plate tectonic processes that cause earthquakes. Residents in this area feel small earthquakes often, and they generally pause for a moment and then go back to whatever they were doing. Afterslip causes additional damage to manmade structures, such as roads, but does not release seismic waves and cause shaking. 1: In the event of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, City Inspectors will perform an All of the faults and/or imagery lineaments shown as heavy green lines on this map may be considered to have a low level of afterslip hazard. Revising archival accounts of the 1898 earthquake, I estimate a lower intensity magnitude, 5.8, than the value in the current Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF) catalog (6.4). The numbers of aftershocks following the earthquake was relatively low for an earthquake of this size, and in contrast to other large Californian earthquakes, the aftershock locations do not clearly outline the main fault rupture surface. Found inside – Page 1Undertaking the seismic rehabilitation of a historic building is a process that requires careful planning and execution, and the coordinated work of architects, engineers, code officials, contractors, and agency administrators. [1] The United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimated that 15,000 people experienced severe shaking, 106,000 people felt very strong shaking, 176,000 felt strong shaking, and 738,000 felt moderate shaking. Existing fault maps show that the Franklin Fault extends southward to the Calaveras Fault zone and the West Napa Fault extends north of the seismic array. The timing of the last earthquake on this portion of the West Napa fault is unknown (USGS, 2014); however, the last historic earthquakes near the epicentral area with M > 5.5 were the 1891 M 5.8 Napa earthquake and the 1898 M6.4 Mare Island earthquake … The 2014 Palma Bay earthquake occurred at 02:54 Alaska Daylight Time on July 25 in the northern southeastern panhandle of the U.S. state of Alaska. [27] The congregation of the First Presbyterian Church moved back into the sanctuary in July 2016 following repairs and restoration at a cost of $850,000. It was a Sunday morning. Found inside – Page 284In another example, in the report published in 2016, one of the priority recommendations after studying impacts of the 2014 South Napa earthquake is related ... According to the USGS, the earthquake had a magnitude ( Mw ) of 6, making it the largest earthquake to strike the San Francisco Bay Area since 1989, when the region was shaken by the magnitude 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake. In the case of re trospective full-waveform inversions, a network with station spacing of 10km within the epicentral distanc e of 30km is able to provide adequate stable key source parameters if the preestimated hypocenter and fault ori entation are accurate of ±5km and ±15°, respectively. The 24 August 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa earthquake occurred on the WNFZ at a depth of 8.8. kilometers. The shaking causes the shifting of below-surface features that may temporarily (and sometimes permanently) change the flow from a spring or even stop the flow. Some fault strands that broke in residential areas and damaged homes, had not previously been mapped. ), Napa Valley area red- and yellow-tagged structures shown as red and yellow squares. [3] Several wineries including Hess Collection and Trefethen Vineyards suffered damage to buildings and infrastructure. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for Tenants After the 2014 South Napa Earthquake To aid tenants who have been affected by the 2014 South Napa Earthquake. Found insideThe Incredible Plate Tectonics Comic is a wild adventure in earth science. With one fatality, and approximately a half billion dollars of economic damage, the city of Napa is still recovering from last year’s quake. ), -written by Lisa Wald, U.S. Geological Survey. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), Mapping, Remote Sensing, and Geospatial Data, map of the distribution of shaking that they felt, Earthquake Strengthening of Cripple Walls in Wood-Frame Dwellings, Harvesting Earthquake Fault Slip f­rom Laser Images of Napa's Vineyards, Scientists Deploy Seismographs in Napa Valley, Scientists gather at USGS to discuss findings from Napa quake, Media Advisory: South Napa Earthquake Science Briefing, Tuesday Midday Update on South Napa Earthquake, Update on the Magnitude 6 South Napa Earthquake of August 24, 2014, the rupture direction along the fault - to the north and updip towards Napa. Earthquake data from the M 6.0 South Napa Earthquake of 24 August 2014 and other local seismic events were utilized in the Seismo-Lineament Analysis Method (SLAM) to locate seismogenic faults in the Napa Valley. [25][26], Several of the historic buildings damaged in the earthquake have been repaired while others are still awaiting renovation and restoration. The epicenter of the earthquake was located to the south of Napa and to the northwest of American Canyon on the West Napa Fault. Interactive Map. Firefighters were hampered in their efforts to fight this fire by a broken water main. The timing of the earthquake was not only near the end of California’s normally dry season, but also during a multi-year-long severe drought. The highest intensities were MMI VII-VIII in the city of Napa and extending a littler farther north. South Napa Earthquake Photos. Data collected from airborne LIDAR were used to look for effects on the ground surface. The SAR data were acquired by the Sentinel-1 satellite on August 7. th. Many California residents have the Did You Feel It? The Did You Feel It? Found insideThe Great Quake Debate sheds light on enduring questions surrounding the environmental hazards of our dynamic planet. What challenges face scientists bearing bad news in the public arena? One year ago, the largest earthquake in over 25 years hit the San Francisco Bay Area, causing significant damage in California’s famous Napa Valley. Later investigations confirmed the shaking recorded on seismic instruments was consistent with the observed damage in the downtown area of Napa. The 2014 South Napa earthquake occurred in the North San Francisco Bay Area on August 24 at. The 2014 South Napa earthquake provides an opportunity to reconsider the Mare Island earthquake of 31 March 1898, which caused severe damage to buildings at a Navy yard on the island. the commercial buildings were pre-1950 masonry and had not been built to current code standards or retrofit. [11] The earthquake was the largest earthquake in the Bay Area since the magnitude 6.9 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The Mw 6.0 South Napa earthquake, which occurred at 10:20 UTC 24 August 2014 was the largest earthquake to strike the greater San Francisco Bay area since the Mw 6.9 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Warmer colors represent stronger shaking. They walked across the landscape to trace where the fault had ruptured the Earth’s surface, and mapped the earthquake surface rupture and post-earthquake afterslip, in great detail using mobile laser scanning (a truck-mounted Lidar system), alignment arrays (such as creepmeters that directly measure extremely small fault movements), GPS measurements, and satellite-based radar surveys (InSAR and UAVSAR). To determine the continuity and extent of the faults that ruptured during the South Napa earthquake and its aftershocks, and to search for possible interconnections with other mapped faults, USGS recorded aftershocks using temporary seismograph arrays that were positioned across the rupture zone and mapped faults located north and south of the rupture. Scientists found that some of the fault segments that ruptured on the morning of August 24 had been previously mapped as part of the West Napa fault system, but the rupture also extended northward where no faults had been mapped before. A. It provides an excellent example for studying crustal strain associated with the earthquake cycle … In the wee hours of August 24, 2014 (3:20 am to be precise), most of the Bay Area was awakened by a 6.0 magnitude earthquake that lasted a lot longer than those sudden, one or two second jolts that happen from time to time and that residents have become accustomed to, if one can actually get used to … The "Did You Feel It?" Felt Report - Tell Us! [5], All of these buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as is the Thomas Earl House, a historic residence that was badly damaged. USGS Geologists inspecting fault trace in a trench dug across one of the ruptures from the 2014 South Napa earthquake. It caused at least The un-retrofitted Raymond Building suffered damage to its roof and front facade along with interior damages. Previous smaller earthquakes in the area also triggered relatively few aftershocks for their size, suggesting that this area doesn’t produce many aftershocks. Yountville, Vallejo, and American Canyon were also damaged. This release of information serves as an updated summary of U.S. Geological Survey information as it relates to the current understanding of the South Napa earthquake. The following day (almost 24 hrs later), the same feature had 11 cm (4 in) of offset. components of the ground deformation field due to the Mw 6.0 earthquake occurred on August 24th, 2014, in the Napa Valley, California, USA. This detailed assessment of the South Napa earthquake and the West Napa Fault system helps scientists assess future earthquake hazards in the area so communities can better prepare for them. Mapped faults and seismicity (magnitude 3+, 1947-2007) prior to the August 24, 2014 South Napa earthquake. Cullen 328 Let's discuss it 05:47, 26 August 2014 (UTC) This article in the San Jose Mercury News, published about 80 miles away, specifically mentions that "South Napa Earthquake" is emerging as the accepted name. [12] President Obama declared a major disaster for Napa and Solano counties. The event caused damage to roads, unreinforced buildings and produced measurable surface rupture. Standard ASCE/SEI 41-17 describes deficiency-based and systematic procedures that use performance-based principles to evaluate and retrofit existing buildings to withstand the effects of earthquakes. Many others spread out across the Napa Valley and surrounding area to collect additional data such as fault rupture expressed on the ground surface, as well as shaking induced damage to buildings and infrastructure. [43] In December 2014, United States Congress approved a $5 million allocation as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014 in order to expand funding for development of the system. At 3:20 AM, on the morning of August 24, 2014, the San Francisco Bay area was shaken by the South Napa, California, earthquake. Symbol size represents earthquake magnitude, and fill color represents depth. (Public domain. [18], Following the first round of building inspections by the City of Napa inspectors, a total of 613 structures had been tagged; 113 were red-tagged and 500 had been yellow-tagged. Also shown are locations of the mainshock (red dot), aftershocks (other dots), surface ruptures (red lines), locations of permanent (unfilled triangles) and temporary (filled triangles) seismic stations. 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