An approximate time-scale of Thanjavur rulers. The city first rose to prominence during the reign of Cholas when it served as the capital of the empire. Locals say that the city gets its name from ‘Than-sei-oor’, which means a place surrounded by rivers and green paddy fields. Organic farming is gradually becoming known to the farmers of Thanjavur. Most of the idols present in the gallery were collected from various temples in the Thanjavur district. The villages Pudupattinam, Nanjikottai, Neelagiri, Melaveli, Pillaiyarpatti, Ramanathapuram, Pallieri, Vilar and Inathukanpatti are likely to be added to the municipal corporation limits. [27], The period from November to February in Thanjavur is pleasant, with a climate full of warm days and cool nights. [2][3][citation needed], There are no references to Thanjavur in any of the Sangam period (third century BC to fourth century AD) Tamil records, though some scholars believe that the city has existed since that time. [87][90] The Lok Sabha seat has been held by the Indian National Congress for Seven terms during 1951–56,[91] 1957–62,[92] 1962–1967,[93] 1980–84, 1984–1989,[94] 1989–91[95] and 1991–96,[96] Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam for Seven terms during 1967–71,[97] 1971–77,[98] 1996–98, 1998–99,[99] 1999–04,[100] 2004–09[101] and 2009–present[102] and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam for one term during 1977–80. Thanjavur is situated in the Cauvery delta, at a distance of 314 km (195 mi) south-west of Chennai and 56 km (35 mi) east of Tiruchirappalli. Several hundreds of years ago Tanjore was initially developed and maintained by Chola dynasty (சோழர்) with rigorous hardwork and for selfless bhakti , love towards Bhagwan Shiv. [35][36] Built in the 11th century by the Chola king Raja Raja Chola I (985–1014), the temple is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. The total area of the city is 36.33 km2 (14.03 sq mi). Pop. Composite Thanjavur District with its fertile soil is one of the largest paddy cultivation area not only in Tamilnadu but also in South India. St. Antony's Higher Secondary School, established in 1885 by the Diocese of Thanjavur, is one of the oldest schools in Thanjavur district. Answer: Thanjavur was famous because it was capital of the Cholas dynasty. Thiruvarur is also called as a chariot city. [21] After India's independence, Thanjavur continued as the district headquarters. Nataraja statue at the Brihadishvara Chola temple, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. Full-service spa, dining The city is also known for a distinctive painting style—in which such materials as gold foil, lace, and semiprecious stones are used to embellish the painting—and for a style of embossed metal plates. [63] With the expansion of the city area, the opportunities for agriculture is limited and only 7% of the population is involved in it. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 9.22% and .21% of the population respectively. Thanjavur, formerly Tanjore, city, eastern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. Apart from telecom, BSNL also provides broadband internet service. [57], According to 2011 census, Thanjavur had a population of 222,943 with a sex-ratio of 1,042 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Brihadishvara Chola temple, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [56] The city produces bell metal craft like Thanjavur metal plates, bronze images bowls, napkins and powder boxes made of copper and bronze. The number was increased to 18 in 1879 and 24 in 1883. [24][25] To the south of Thanjavur city, is the Vallam tableland, a small plateau interspersed at regular intervals by ridges of sandstone. It is replicated in the Gangaikonda Cholesvarar Temple constructed by Raja Raja's son Rajendra Chola I (1012–44). [19] The rule of the dynasty came to an end when Thanjavur fell to the Madurai Nayak king Chokkanatha Nayak (1662–82) in 1673. [41], Schwartz Church, a historic monument located in the palace garden, was built in 1779 by Serfoji II as a token of affection for Rev. [72] The IAF will base a squadron of its Sukhoi Su-30 Supermaneuverability Fighter aircraft at Thanjavur, making it the first fighter squadron in Tamil Nadu. [37][38][39] The temple was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987. Deva Raya's inscription dated 1443, Thirumala's inscription dated 1455 and Achuta Deva's land grants dated 1532 and 1539 attest Vijayanagar's dominance over Thanjavur. Most of the Great Living Chola Temples, which are UNESCO World Heritage Monuments, are located in and around Thanjavur. List of all towns and Villages in Thanjavur Taluka of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu. Kaveri River and its tributaries are the main source of irrigation in Thanjavur district. Ekoji founded the Thanjavur Maratha kingdom which ruled Thanjavur till 1855. An early capital of the Chola empire from the 9th to the 11th century, it was important during the Vijayanagar, Maratha, and British periods. The total percentage of land fit for cultivation is 58%. [1] [3] It is one of the largest South Indian temples and an exemplary example of a fully realized Dravidian architecture . [59] A total of 19,860 were under the age of six, constituting 10,237 males and 9,623 females. Thanjavur painting - Thanjavur painting is a classical South Indian painting style, which was inaugurated from the town of Thanjavur (anglicized as Tanjore). The southern side of the third quadrangle of the palace has a 190 ft (58 m) tower-like building, called the Goodagopuram. Let’s look at the top 7 places to visit in Thanjavur– 1. Summer rains are sparse and the first monsoon, the South-West monsoon, commences in June and continues till September. Manufacture of musical instruments like veena, tambura, violin, mrithamgam, thavil and kanjira is another economic activity in the city. [8][11] The Marathas exercised their sovereignty over Thanjavur throughout the last quarter of the 17th and the whole of the 18th century. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Thanjavur (Tamil: [taɲdʑaːʋuːɾ]), formerly Tanjore,[1] is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. [63], The National Highways NH 83 and NH 36 pass through Thanjavur and NH 136 and NH 67 connect Thanjavur respectively with Perambalur and Thiruvurur. Category : Astrology information, Entertainment, planetary motion The Thanjai Periya Kovil also called the Rajarajeshvaram or Peruvudaiyar Kovil is the temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur. [31] The average rainfall is 37 inches (940 mm), most of which is contributed by the North-East monsoon. River cauvery is the Main Source of irrigation for Cultivation in this district, which is known for its heritage in water management. After the fall of Cholas, the city was ruled by various dynasties like Pandyas, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Thanjavur Nayaks, Thanjavur Marathas and British Empire. [55], Thanjavur is an important centre of silk weaving in Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is believed to have been conquered by Kampanna Udayar during his invasion of Srirangam between 1365 and 1371. There are daily express trains to Chennai, Mysuru, Ernakulam, Thrissur, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Erode, Tiruppur, Tiruchirapalli, Salem, Karur, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Rameswaram, Tiruchendur, Cuddalore, Dharmapuri, Viluppuram, Chengalpattu, Mannargudi, Bengaluru, Dindigul, Pudukkottai, Karaikudi, Sivagangai, Manamadurai and weekly trains to Pondicherry, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari, Tirupati, Nellore, Itarsi, Visakhapatnam, Hubli, Vasco da Gama, Goa, Vijayawada, Chandrapur, Nagpur, Jabalpur, Satna, Katni, Allahabad, Varanasi, Jaunpur, Ayodhya, and Bhubaneswar. The British referred to the city as Tanjore in their records. Cauvery river flows through Thanjavur. [62] The workforce is predominantly involved in service industry involving trade and commerce. [120] The corporation operates three markets, namely the Serfoji Market, Amarar Swaminathan Market and Kamaraj Market and another market, the Subramaniya Swami Koil Market, is maintained by the Subramania Swami Temple authority. [56] Increasing production costs and competition from large-scale producers have reduced the number of people involved in the production. [14] Thanjavur was eventually annexed along with the rest of the Chola kingdom by the Pandya king Maravarman Kulasekara Pandyan I (1268–1308) in 1279 and the Chola kings were forced to accept the suzerainty of the Pandyas. [61] In 1787, Amar Singh, the regent of Thanjavur, deposed the minor Raja, his nephew Serfoji II (1787–93) and captured the throne. [105] Some special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a special branch that operates at the district level police division headed by a Superintendent of Police (SP). [21] Modern day Thanjavur railway junction has three rail heads leading to Tiruchirapalli, Kumbakonam and Thiruvarur. Thanjavur district District Rural landscape near Peravurani Nickname: Rice Bowl Of Tamil … Thanjavur is located on the "main line" of the railway system in the Coromandel coast connecting Chennai with Tiruchirappalli via Villupuram, Cuddalore, Mayiladuthurai (Mayavaram) and Thanjavur junctions. [80] The legislative powers are vested in a body of 62 members, one each from the 62 wards. Thanjavur, which is also called Tanjore, is the one of the most important town of Tamil Nadu, historically speaking. Thanjavur is a town in Tamil Nadu, India. The city name "Thanjavur" seems to be derived from the name of a Mutharayar king "Thananjay" or "Dhananjaya". The nearest airport is Tiruchirapalli International Airport, located 59.6 km (37.0 mi) away from the city. [4] Thanjavur is administered by a municipal corporation covering an area of 128.02 km2 (49.43 sq mi) and had a population of 290,720 in 2011. 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